How Do I Treat Bronchial Asthma?

Asthma treatments aim to manage and alleviate symptoms to improve quality of life. Here are some common approaches:

1. Inhalers (Bronchodilators): These are the primary medications used to relieve asthma symptoms by relaxing the muscles around the airways, making breathing easier. There are two main types:

   • Short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs): Provide quick relief during asthma attacks.
   • Long-acting beta agonists (LABAs): Used regularly to control symptoms and prevent attacks.

2. Steroids (Inhaled and Oral): Corticosteroids reduce inflammation in the airways, helping to prevent asthma attacks. They are often used as long-term control medications and can be administered through inhalers or orally for severe cases.

3. Leukotriene Modifiers: These medications block the action of leukotrienes, substances in the body that can cause asthma symptoms. They are taken orally and can help control asthma symptoms and reduce inflammation.

4. Immunomodulators: Biologic drugs such as omalizumab, mepolizumab, and Dupilumab target specific pathways in the immune system to reduce asthma symptoms and attacks, particularly in severe cases.

5. Combination Inhalers: Combination of medications, such as a long-acting beta agonist and a corticosteroid, for both symptom relief and long-term control.

6. Allergy Medications: For individuals whose asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies, antihistamines or allergy shots (immunotherapy) may be recommended to reduce allergic reactions and asthma symptoms.

7. Bronchial Thermoplasty: This is a procedure used in severe cases of asthma where heat is applied to the airway walls to reduce the smooth muscle mass, decreasing the ability of the airways to constrict.

8. Lifestyle and Environmental Modifications: Avoiding triggers such as smoke, dust, pollen, and pet dander can help manage asthma symptoms. Additionally, maintaining a healthy lifestyle with regular exercise and a balanced diet can improve overall lung function.