An insulin pump is a convenient device for delivering insulin through a small plastic tube (catheter) placed under the skin. These pumps provide insulin continuously, on-demand before meals, or as a correction for high glucose levels.

Insulin pumps offer flexibility in managing blood glucose levels without the need for multiple injections. They can be worn using a band, belt, pouch, clip, or tape. Below are essential tips for safe and effective use of your insulin pump at home.

Preparing to Use Your Insulin Pump

Before You Begin:

1. Understand Blood Sugar Management
   • Familiarize yourself with the signs and symptoms of high and low blood sugar to address them promptly.
2. Complete Training
   • Attend in-person or virtual training on your insulin pump.
   • Request a hands-on demonstration from a pump trainer, healthcare provider, or diabetes educator.
   • Review training materials, including videos and user guides.
   • Involve family members or caregivers in the training if possible.
3. Consult Your Healthcare Provider
   • Discuss your medical history, allergies, and potential risks of using an insulin pump.
   • Develop a backup plan for insulin delivery in case of pump failure.
   • Use initial pump settings tailored to your individual needs.
4. Verify Your Pump Settings
   • Double-check all settings to avoid errors that could lead to incorrect insulin delivery.
   • Confirm your insulin prescription and ensure compatibility with your pump.
5. Read the Instructions
   • Keep the pump’s user guide handy for reference.
   • Familiarize yourself with the display, alarms, and troubleshooting steps.
6. Inspect Your Supplies
   • Check insulin expiration dates and storage requirements.
   • Ensure all pump components are present and in good condition.

Using Your Insulin Pump

1. Handle with Care
   • Avoid exposing your pump to products like bug spray, sunscreen, or lotions. Wash and dry your hands before handling the pump.
2. Change and Rotate Regularly
   • Follow the user guide’s instructions for changing the insulin reservoir, infusion sets, and rotating infusion sites.
3. Monitor Glucose Levels
   • Use a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) or blood glucose meter to track your levels frequently.
4. Address Alarms Promptly
   • Do not ignore alarms or error messages. Understand their meaning and follow the recommended steps to resolve them.
5. Recharge or Replace Batteries
   • Replace or recharge batteries as directed to ensure uninterrupted pump function.

Managing Common Insulin Pump Issues

High or Low Blood Sugar:

• Monitor glucose levels closely if you suspect insulin over- or under-delivery.
• For low blood sugar (hypoglycemia):
  • Take 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates (e.g., juice or glucose tablets).
  • Recheck glucose levels after 15 minutes.
  • If unresolved, contact your healthcare provider or use prescribed glucagon for severe cases.
• For high blood sugar (hyperglycemia):
  • Inspect the pump for blockages, kinks, leaks, or air bubbles.
  • Administer a correction dose as advised by your healthcare provider.
  • Monitor glucose closely until levels normalize.

Pump Malfunction:

• Prime the infusion set before attachment.
• Regularly inspect for leaks, blockages, or air bubbles.
• Contact the pump manufacturer or your healthcare provider for unresolved issues.

Wrong Pump Settings or Insulin Prescription:

• Ensure pump settings match your healthcare provider’s recommendations.
• Verify the date, time, and basal rate profiles, especially when traveling across time zones.
• Contact your healthcare provider if you suspect incorrect settings or insulin prescriptions.

Missing Parts or Supplies:

• Confirm that you have all necessary components, such as reservoirs and infusion sets.
• Contact your provider or pump manufacturer if parts are missing or unclear.

When to Seek Medical Assistance

Call 911 or seek immediate medical help for:

• Extremely high or low blood sugar levels with severe symptoms (e.g., nausea, confusion, or loss of consciousness).
• Symptoms like chest pain, difficulty breathing, or altered mental status.

Contact your healthcare provider for non-emergency concerns, such as persistent high or low glucose levels, questions about pump settings, or replacement of pump components.

By following these tips, you can use your insulin pump effectively and safely to manage your diabetes at home. Always stay in close contact with your healthcare provider and your pump’s manufacturer for support and guidance.

Ref: Insulin Pumps: Tips for Using Your Insulin Pump at Home