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Teicoplanin is not for intraventricular use. The manufacturer strongly discourage injecting Teicoplanin into the brain.

My daughter bled into the brain. She lived for another two years and ultimately died.

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Tranylcypromine (Parnate) - MOA, Dosage, Side effects

Tranylcypromine (Parnate) is a non-selective and irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of anxiety and unipolar major depression.

Tranylcypromine Uses:

Unipolar Major depressive disorder:
- Used for treatment of major depressive disorder in adult patients who have not responded adequately to other antidepressants.

Tranylcypromine Dose in Adults

Tranylcypromine Dose in the treatment of the Unipolar major depressive disorder:

P/O: Initial:

10 to 30 mg per day, in divided doses
If symptoms don't improve after 2 weeks, increase the dose by 10 mg/day increments at 1- to 3-week intervals
Maximum dose: 60 mg/day
Usual dosage range 30 to 60 mg/day in divided doses.
Discontinuation of therapy:
- After stopping antidepressant therapy after more than three weeks, taper the dosage gradually (for instance, over two to four weeks) to reduce withdrawal symptoms and spot recurrence of symptoms.
- The usage of a medication with a half-life of less than 24 hours (such as paroxetine or venlafaxine), a history of antidepressant withdrawal symptoms, or high antidepressant doses are only a few reasons to gradually titrate the medication (for example, over a period of four weeks).
- The severity of the MAOI-related symptoms necessitates more cautious tapering.
- If uncomfortable withdrawal symptoms appear, you should either resume taking the medication at the original recommended dosage or reduce it more gradually.
- Selected people receiving long-term treatment (>6 months) may benefit from tapering over time, such as those with a history of discontinuation syndrome.
- Data supporting ideal taper rates is limited.
- MAO inhibitor recommendations:
Switching to or from an MAO inhibitor intended to treat psychiatric disorders:
- An alternative antidepressant without extended half-life metabolites (TCAs, paroxetine, fluvoxamine, venlafaxine, etc.) or MAO inhibitor used to treat psychiatric illnesses should be stopped 14 days before starting tranylcypromine.
- Transcypromine should be started at least 5 to 6 weeks after fluoxetine, which has long-lasting metabolites and is used to treat psychiatric problems, has been stopped.
- Tranylcypromine should be stopped at least 7 to 14 days before starting a different antidepressant or MAO inhibitor designed to treat psychiatric problems.

Tranylcypromine Dose in Children

Not indicated for use in children.

Tranylcypromine Pregnancy Risk Category: Not Assigned

Pregnant women who are taking antidepressants during pregnancy should enroll in the National Pregnancy Registry for Antidepressants.

Use of tranylcypromine during breastfeeding

Breast milk contains Tranylcypromine.
The manufacturer advises the mother to make the decision regarding whether to stop breastfeeding or stop taking the medication.
This takes into account the significance of the mother's care.

Tranylcypromine Dose in Kidney Disease:

No dosage adjustments required, use cautiously.

Tranylcypromine Dose in Liver disease:

No dosage adjustments required, use cautiously.

Side effects of Tranylcypromine (Parnate):

Cardiovascular:
- Edema
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Palpitations
- Tachycardia
Central Nervous System:
- Agitation
- Anxiety
- Chills
- Dizziness
- Drowsiness
- Headache
- Insomnia
- Mania
- Myoclonus
- Numbness
- Paresthesia
- Restlessness
Dermatologic:
- Diaphoresis
- Urticaria
Endocrine & Metabolic:
- SIADH (Syndrome Of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion)
Gastrointestinal:
- Abdominal Pain
- Anorexia
- Constipation
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Xerostomia
Genitourinary:
- Sexual Disorder (Anorgasmia, Ejaculatory Disturbance, Impotence)
- Urinary Retention
Hematologic & Oncologic:
- Agranulocytosis
- Anemia
- Leukopenia
- Thrombocytopenia
Neuromuscular & Skeletal:
- Muscle Spasm
- Tremor
- Weakness
Ophthalmic:
- Blurred Vision
Otic:
- Tinnitus

Contraindications to Tranylcypromine (Parnate):

Because these tumors release pressor substances, they can cause hypertension.

Use in concomitant or rapid succession with:

Non-selective antagonists of the H-1 receptor
Antidepressants (including, but not limited to, other [MAOIs],[SSRIs] or [SNRIs], tricyclic and tricyclic antidepressants such as amoxapine. bupropion. maprotiline. nefazodone. vilazodone. vortioxetine.
Amphetamines & Methylphenidates & Derivatives
Symphomimetic products are products that contain pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine or dietary supplements containing sympathomimetics
Triptans
buspirone
Carbamazepine
Cyclobenzaprine
dextromethorphan
Dopamine
Hydroxytryptophan
Levodopa
meperidine
Methyldopa
Milnacipran
rasagiline
reserpine
s-adenosyl L-methionine,
Tapentadol
Tetrabenazine
Tryptophan

Canadian labeling: Additional contraindications not in US labeling

Blood dyscrasias; previous hypersensitivity to tranylcypromine and any component of this formulation.
There is not much evidence of cross-reactivity between MAOI and allergenic MAOI. Cross-sensitivity is possible due to similarities in chemical structure or pharmacologic effects.

Warnings and precautions

Depression in the CNS:
- CNS depression can lead to impairment of mental or physical abilities. Patients must be careful when operating machinery or driving.
Hypertensive crisis
- Hypertensive crisis can sometimes be fatal. Symptoms include an occipital headache that radiates to the front, nausea/vomiting and neck stiffness/soreness.
- Bradycardia and Tachycardia can be present. Constricting chest pain and pupillary dilatation could also occur.
- All patients should be monitored closely for BP; if there is any palpitation or frequent headaches, stop immediately.
- An underlying hypertensive crisis can be disguised by a history of headaches.
- This may occur when you consume foods/supplements high in tryptophan, tryptophan, and phenylalanine.
- Patients who have not consumed tyramine-rich foods and beverages have had clinically significant increases in BP.
Hypotension
- Orthostatic hypotension may occur, especially at doses greater than 30 mg/day. It may also cause syncope.
- Patients with hypotension should be given a gradual increase in dosage.
Intracranial bleeding
- Intestinal bleeding, sometimes fatal, has been linked to the paradoxical rise in BP.
Serotonin syndrome
- Particularly when combined with other serotonergic medications (such as triptans TCAs, fentanyl and buspirone, lithium, tramadol, or tramadol), or substances that impair serotonin metabolism (such as MAO inhibitors to treat psychiatric conditions, other MAO inhibitors [i.e. linezolid, intravenous methylene]), serotonergic drugs (such as SSRIs and SNRIs)
- Take attention to SS warning indicators like
  - Mental status changes (eg: agitation, hallucinations and delirium, coma, etc.)
  - Autonomic instability (eg tachycardia or labile blood pressure, diaphoresis, etc.)
  - Neuromuscular changes (eg tremors, rigidity, myoclonus, etc.)
  - GI symptoms (eg nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
  - And/or seizures
- Stop taking any serotonergic agents or treatment if you notice signs or symptoms.
Cardiovascular disease
- Patients with severe hypertension, cerebrovascular disease or other cardiovascular conditions should be treated cautiously.
Diabetes:
- Diabetes patients should be cautious. It may increase the chance of hypoglycemic episodes.
- Patients who are taking insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs should closely monitor their blood glucose.
Use of drugs:
- Patients with a history of drug abuse or acute drinking problems should be cautious.
- There may be a risk of developing drug dependence, particularly if the dose is higher than prescribed.
Hepatic impairment
- Cirrhosis patients must be continuously watched for any possible negative effects on the central nervous system, such as tiredness and sedation.
- Patients with hepatitis or elevated aminotransferases may develop. Stop taking this medication if you have hepatotoxicity.
Hypomania and mania:
- Patients with bipolar disorder can experience mania or hypomania.
- Bipolar patients should refrain from monotherapy.
- A patient should be checked if they exhibit depressive symptoms.
- Tranylcypromine is not used to treat bipolar depression.
Seizure disorder
- Patients at high risk of seizures should be treated with caution. Seizures have been reported in combination with withdrawal from abuse or overdose.
Thyroid dysfunction
- Patients with hyperthyroidism should be cautious; they may be at greater risk of developing hypertensive crises.

Tranylcypromine: Drug Interaction

Risk Factor C (Monitor therapy)
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors	May diminish the therapeutic effect of Anticholinergic Agents. Anticholinergic Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.
Alfuzosin	May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents.
Altretamine	Could make monoamine oxidase inhibitors' orthostatic hypotensive action stronger.
Amantadine	May strengthen an anticholinergic agent's anticholinergic action.
Amifampridine	Amifampridine may have a stronger neuroexcitatory and/or seizure-potentiating impact when combined with substances with seizure threshold lowering potential.
Anticholinergic Agents	Other anticholinergic agents' negative or hazardous effects might be amplified.
Antiemetics (5HT3 Antagonists)	Could make serotonin modulators' serotonergic effects stronger. Serotonin syndrome might occur from this.
Antipsychotic Agents	Serotonin modulators might make antipsychotic drugs more harmful or toxic. Serotonin modulators, in particular, may enhance dopamine blockade, potentially raising the risk for neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Serotonin modulators' serotonergic effects may be strengthened by antipsychotic drugs. Serotonin syndrome might occur from this.
Antipsychotic Agents (Second Generation [Atypical])	Antipsychotic drugs' hypotensive effects may be enhanced by blood pressure-lowering medications (Second Generation [Atypical]).
Barbiturates	The hypotensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications may be strengthened.
Benperidol	The hypotensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications may be strengthened.
Beta2-Agonists	Beta2Agonists may have a more negative or toxic effect when combined with monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Betahistine	The serum concentration of betahistine may rise in response to monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Blood Glucose Lowering Agents	Blood Glucose Lowering Agents' hypoglycemic effects may be strengthened by monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Blood Pressure Lowering Agents	The hypotensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications may be strengthened.
Botulinum Toxin-Containing Products	May strengthen an anticholinergic agent's anticholinergic action.
Brexanolone	Brexanolone's CNS depressive impact may be strengthened by tranylcypromine.
Brimonidine (Ophthalmic)	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors might make brimonidine more harmful or poisonous (Ophthalmic). Brimonidine serum levels may rise in response to monoamine oxidase inhibitors (Ophthalmic).
Brimonidine (Topical)	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors might make brimonidine more harmful or poisonous (Topical). Brimonidine serum levels may rise in response to monoamine oxidase inhibitors (Topical).
Brimonidine (Topical)	The hypotensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications may be strengthened.
Cannabinoid-Containing Products	Anticholinergic Agents may enhance the tachycardic effect of Cannabinoid-Containing Products. Exceptions: Cannabidiol.
Cerebrolysin	May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors.
Chloral Betaine	May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Anticholinergic Agents.
Chlorphenesin Carbamate	May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors.
Clemastine	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may enhance the anticholinergic effect of Clemastine.
Codeine	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Codeine.
Diazoxide	The hypotensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications may be strengthened.
Dihydrocodeine	The serotonergic effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors may be enhanced. Serotonin syndrome might occur from this.
Domperidone	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may intensify Domperidone's negative/toxic effects. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may lessen Domperidone's therapeutic efficacy. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors' therapeutic effects may be lessened by dolperidone.
Doxapram	Doxapram's hypertensive effect may be strengthened by monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Doxylamine	Doxylamine's anticholinergic effects may be strengthened by monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Management: Use with monoamine oxidase inhibitors is particularly contraindicated by the US manufacturer of Diclegis (doxylamine/pyridoxine) and the makers of Canadian doxylamine products.
EPINEPHrine (Nasal)	Epinephrine's ability to increase blood pressure may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors (Nasal).
Epinephrine (Racemic)	Epinephrine's ability to increase blood pressure may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors (Racemic).
EPINEPHrine (Systemic)	Epinephrine's ability to increase blood pressure may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors (Systemic).
Esketamine	The hypertensive effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors might be enhanced.
Gastrointestinal Agents (Prokinetic)	Anticholinergic Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of Gastrointestinal Agents (Prokinetic).
Glucagon	Anticholinergic Agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Glucagon. Specifically, the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects may be increased.
Herbs (Hypotensive Properties)	May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents.
Hypotension-Associated Agents	The hypotensive action of hypotension-associated agents may be strengthened by blood pressure lowering medications.
Itopride	Itopride's therapeutic impact may be diminished by anticholinergic drugs.
Lormetazepam	The hypotensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications may be strengthened.
Metaraminol	Metaraminol's hypertensive effect may be strengthened by monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Metaxalone	Could make serotonin modulators' serotonergic effects stronger. Serotonin syndrome might occur from this.
Methadone	The serotonergic effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors may be enhanced. Serotonin syndrome might occur from this.
Metoclopramide	Serotonin modulators may intensify Metoclopramide's harmful or hazardous effects.
Mirabegron	Anticholinergic drugs may make Mirabegron's harmful or hazardous effects worse.
Molsidomine	The hypotensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications may be strengthened.
Naftopidil	The hypotensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications may be strengthened.
Nicergoline	The hypotensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications may be strengthened.
Nicorandil	The hypotensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications may be strengthened.
Nitroglycerin	Nitroglycerin absorption may be decreased by anticholinergic agents. Anticholinergic medications specifically have the potential to impede or prevent the absorption of nitroglycerin by reducing the breakdown of sublingual nitroglycerin pills.
Nitroprusside	Nitroprusside's hypotensive impact may be strengthened by blood pressure-lowering medications.
Norepinephrine	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may increase Norepinephrine's ability to raise blood pressure.
Opioid Agonists	Anticholinergic drugs may make opioid agonists more harmful or toxic. In particular, this combination may raise the risk for constipation and bladder retention.
Opioid Agonists	Could make serotonin modulators' serotonergic effects stronger. Serotonin syndrome might occur from this.
Pentoxifylline	The hypotensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications may be strengthened.
Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors	The hypotensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications may be strengthened.
Prostacyclin Analogues	The hypotensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications may be strengthened.
Quinagolide	The hypotensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications may be strengthened.
Ramosetron	Ramosetron's constipating effects may be enhanced by anticholinergic drugs.
Serotonin Modulators	The negative or hazardous effects of other serotonin modulators might be increased. Serotonin syndrome may start to develop. Nicergoline and Tedizolid are exceptions.
Thiazide and Thiazide-Like Diuretics	Thiazide and Thiazide-Like Diuretics' serum concentrations may be elevated by anticholinergic agents.
Topiramate	Anticholinergic drugs may intensify topiramate's harmful or toxic effects.
TraMADol	Serotonin modulators may intensify TraMADol's harmful or hazardous effects. Seizures may become more likely. The serotonergic impact of serotonin modulators may be enhanced by TraMADol. Serotonin syndrome might occur from this.
Risk Factor D (Consider therapy modification)
Amifostine	Amifostine's hypotensive impact may be strengthened by blood pressure lowering medications. Treatment: Blood pressure-lowering drugs need to be avoided for 24 hours before amifostine is administered when used at chemotherapeutic doses. Amifostine should not be given if blood pressure lowering treatment cannot be stopped.
Benzhydrocodone	The serotonergic effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors may be enhanced. Serotonin syndrome might occur from this. Treatment: Patients on monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or those who have stopped taking MAOIs within 14 days shouldn't use benzhydrocodone.
COMT Inhibitors	The negative or hazardous effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors can be increased.
DOPamine	DOPamine's ability to increase blood pressure may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Treatment: Patients who are taking (or have recently taken) monoamine oxidase inhibitors should start dopamine at no more than one-tenth (1/10) of the typical dose. Keep an eye out for a heightened hypertensive reaction to dopamine.
HYDROcodone	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may intensify Hydrocodone's harmful or hazardous effects. Management: When possible, look into alternatives to this pairing.
Iohexol	Agents With Seizure Threshold Lowering Potential may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Iohexol. Specifically, the risk for seizures may be increased. Management: Discontinue agents that may lower the seizure threshold 48 hours prior to intrathecal use of iohexol. Wait at least 24 hours after the procedure to resume such agents. In nonelective procedures, consider use of prophylactic anticonvulsants.
Iomeprol	Agents With Seizure Threshold Lowering Potential may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Iomeprol. Specifically, the risk for seizures may be increased. Management: Discontinue agents that may lower the seizure threshold 48 hours prior to intrathecal use of iomeprol. Wait at least 24 hours after the procedure to resume such agents. In nonelective procedures, consider use of prophylactic anticonvulsants.
Iopamidol	Agents With Seizure Threshold Lowering Potential may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Iopamidol. Specifically, the risk for seizures may be increased. Management: Discontinue agents that may lower the seizure threshold 48 hours prior to intrathecal use of iopamidol. Wait at least 24 hours after the procedure to resume such agents. In nonelective procedures, consider use of prophylactic anticonvulsants.
Levodopa-Containing Products	May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. Of particular concern is the development of hypertensive reactions when levodopa is used with nonselective MAOI. Management: The concomitant use of nonselective monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and levodopa is contraindicated. Discontinue the nonselective MAOI at least two weeks prior to initiating levodopa. Monitor patients taking a selective MAOIs and levodopa.
Lithium	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors might make lithium's harmful/toxic effects worse. Management: Use extreme caution when using this combo. When combination treatment is therapeutically necessary, keep a vigilant eye out for any symptoms of serotonin syndrome or toxicity.
Obinutuzumab	The hypotensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications may be strengthened. Management: Take into account temporarily stopping blood pressure-lowering drugs 12 hours before the start of the obinutuzumab infusion and keeping them off until 1 hour after the infusion is finished.
OxyCODONE	The serotonergic effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors may be enhanced. Serotonin syndrome might occur from this. Management: When possible, look for alternatives. Use of oxycodone/naltrexone should be avoided during and for 14 days following monoamine oxidase inhibitor therapy. Certain oxycodone products' non-US labels suggest that such use is not advised.
Pindolol	Pindolol's hypotensive impact may be strengthened by monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Management: Pindolol's Canadian labelling warns against using a monoamine oxidase inhibitor at the same time.
Pramlintide	May strengthen an anticholinergic agent's anticholinergic action. The Gastrointestinal tract alone is the target of these effects.
Reserpine	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may intensify Reserpine's harmful or hazardous effects. Adding reserpine to current MAOI medication may have paradoxical effects (e.g., excitation, hypertension). Treatment: When a patient is concurrently getting reserpine, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) should be avoided or used very cautiously.
Secretin	The therapeutic impact of Secretin may be diminished by anticholinergic agents. Management: Avoid using secretin and anticholinergic medications simultaneously. At least five half-lives should pass before stopping anticholinergic medications in order to administer secretin.
Risk Factor X (Avoid combination)
Aclidinium	May enhance the anticholinergic effect of Anticholinergic Agents.
Alcohol (Ethyl)	May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors.
Alpha-/Beta-Agonists (Indirect-Acting)	Alpha-/Beta-Agonists may have a stronger hypertensive effect when combined with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (Indirect-Acting). Although this is the expected mode of action for linezolid, management guidelines are different from those for other monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Details can be found in linezolid-specific monographs
Alpha1-Agonists	Alpha1Agonists may have a stronger hypertensive effect when combined with monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Although this is the expected mode of action for linezolid, management guidelines are different from those for other monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Details can be found in linezolid-specific monographs.
Amphetamines	Amphetamines' tendency to cause hypertension may be increased by monoamine oxidase inhibitors. However, unlike other monoamine oxidase inhibitors, linezolid and tedizolid have different management recommendations. For more information, consult the monographs for those agents.
Apraclonidine	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors might make acrolonidine more harmful or poisonous. The concentration of araclonidine in the serum may rise after using monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AtoMOXetine	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may intensify AtoMOXetine's neurotoxic (central) impact.
Atropine (Ophthalmic)	Atropine's ability to increase blood pressure may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors (Ophthalmic).
Bezafibrate	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may intensify Bezafibrate's harmful or hazardous effects.
Bromperidol	The hypotensive impact of bromperidol may be enhanced by blood pressure lowering medications. Blood Pressure Lowering Drugs' hypotensive effects may be lessened by bromperidol.
Buprenorphine	The negative or hazardous effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors can be increased.
BuPROPion	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may enhance the hypertensive effect of BuPROPion.
BusPIRone	May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. Specifically, blood pressure elevations been reported.
CarBAMazepine	The negative or hazardous effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors can be increased. Management: Avoid from using carbamazepine concurrently with monoamine oxidase inhibitor therapy or within 14 days of stopping it.
Cimetropium	The anticholinergic activity of cimetropium may be strengthened by anticholinergic agents.
Cyclobenzaprine	The serotonergic effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors may be enhanced. Serotonin syndrome might occur from this.
Cyproheptadine	Monoamine oxidase inhibitors may boost Cyproheptadine's anticholinergic effects. The serotonergic impact of monoamine oxidase inhibitors may be lessened by cyproheptadine..
Dapoxetine	Serotonin modulators' harmful or toxic effects could be exacerbated.
Deutetrabenazine	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may make deutetrabenazine's harmful or hazardous effects worse.
Dexmethylphenidate	Dexmethylphenidate may have a stronger hypertensive effect when used with monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Dextromethorphan	Monoamine oxidase inhibitors might improve dextromethorphan's serotonergic effects. It might result in serotonin syndrome.
Diphenoxylate	The hypertensive effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors might be enhanced.
Droxidopa	Droxidopa's ability to increase blood pressure may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Eluxadoline	Eluxadoline's constipating effects may be enhanced by anticholinergic drugs
EPINEPHrine (Oral Inhalation)	Epinephrine's ability to increase blood pressure may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors (Oral Inhalation).
FentaNYL	The serotonergic effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors may be enhanced. Serotonin syndrome might occur from this.
Glycopyrrolate (Oral Inhalation)	The anticholinergic effect of glycopyrrolate may be enhanced by anticholinergic agents (Oral Inhalation).
Glycopyrronium (Topical)	May strengthen an anticholinergic agent's anticholinergic action.
Guanethidine	The negative or hazardous effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors can be increased.
Heroin	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors might make heroin more harmful or poisonous.
HYDROmorphone	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may intensify HYDROmorphone's harmful or hazardous effects.
Iobenguane Radiopharmaceutical Products	Iobenguane radiopharmaceutical products' therapeutic effects may be reduced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Treatment: Before administering iobenguane, stop taking any medications that could impede or interfere with catecholamine transport or uptake for at least five biological half-lives. Don't give these medications.
Ipratropium (Oral Inhalation)	May strengthen an anticholinergic agent's anticholinergic action.
Isometheptene	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors might make isotheptene more harmful or poisonous.
Levomethadone	The negative or hazardous effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors can be increased.
Levonordefrin	Levonordefrin's ability to increase blood pressure may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Levosulpiride	Levosulpiride's therapeutic impact may be diminished by anticholinergic medications.
Linezolid	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may intensify Linezolid's negative/toxic effects.
Maprotiline	May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors.
Meperidine	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may enhance the serotonergic effect of Meperidine. This may cause serotonin syndrome.
Meptazinol	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may intensify Meptazinol's harmful or hazardous effects.
Mequitazine	Mequitazine's anticholinergic effects may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Methylene Blue	Methylene Blue may have a stronger serotonergic impact when taken with monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Serotonin syndrome might occur from this.
Methylene Blue	Could make serotonin modulators' serotonergic effects stronger. Serotonin syndrome might occur from this.
Methylphenidate	Methylphenidate's ability to raise blood pressure may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Mianserin	The neurotoxic effect of Mianserin may be increased by monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Mirtazapine	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may intensify Mirtazapine's neurotoxic (central) impact. While interactions between methylene blue and linezolid are anticipated, their usage is not advised in the same way as other monoamine oxidase inhibitors. For more information, consult the monographs for those agents.
Moclobemide	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may intensify Moclobemide's harmful or hazardous effects.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors	Certain monoamine oxidase inhibitors have the potential to increase their hypertensive effects. Other monoamine oxidase inhibitors' serotonergic effects may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Serotonin syndrome might occur from this.
Morphine (Systemic)	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors might make morphine more harmful or poisonous (Systemic).
Nefopam	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may intensify Nefopam's harmful or hazardous effects.
Opium	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors might make opium more harmful or poisonous.
Oxatomide	May strengthen an anticholinergic agent's anticholinergic action.
OxyMORphone	The negative or hazardous effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors can be increased.
Pheniramine	May enhance the anticholinergic effect of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors.
Pholcodine	May enhance the serotonergic effect of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. This could result in serotonin syndrome.
Pizotifen	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may strengthen Pizotifen's anticholinergic effects.
Potassium Chloride	Potassium chloride may have a stronger ulcerogenic effect when used with anticholinergic drugs. Treatment: Individuals taking medications with strong anticholinergic effects should refrain from taking potassium chloride in any solid oral dosage form.
Potassium Citrate	Potassium Citrate has an ulcerogenic action that may be enhanced by anticholinergic drugs.
Reboxetine	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may intensify Reboxetine's harmful or hazardous effects.
Revefenacin	Revefenacin's anticholinergic action may be strengthened by anticholinergic agents.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors	Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors' serotonergic effects may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors. It might result in serotonin syndrome. Although this interaction between methylene blue and linezolid is anticipated, management guidelines for this drug are different from those for other monoamine oxidase inhibitors. For more information, consult the monographs for those agents.
Serotonin 5-HT1D Receptor Agonists	Serotonin 5-HT1D Receptor Agonists' metabolism may be slowed down by monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Management: Naratriptan, eletriptan, or frovatriptan may be suitable 5-HT1D agonists to use if MAO inhibitor medication is necessary. Eletriptan, Frovatriptan, and Naratriptan are exceptions.
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor/Antagonists	Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor/Antagonists' harmful or toxic effects may be increased by monoamine oxidase inhibitors. While interactions between methylene blue and linezolid are anticipated, their usage is not advised in the same way as other monoamine oxidase inhibitors. For more information, consult the monographs for those agents.
Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors	Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors' serotonergic effects may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors. It might result in serotonin syndrome. Although this interaction between methylene blue and linezolid is anticipated, management guidelines for this drug are different from those for other monoamine oxidase inhibitors. For more information, consult the monographs for those agents.
Solriamfetol	Solriamfetol's ability to raise blood pressure may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
SUFentanil	The negative or hazardous effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors can be increased. Particularly, there may be an elevated risk for serotonin syndrome or opioid toxicities (such as respiratory depression or coma). Management: Due to the risk of serotonin syndrome and/or severe CNS depression, fentanyl should not be administered in conjunction with monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors (or within 14 days of discontinuing an MAO inhibitor).
Tapentadol	The negative or hazardous effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors can be increased. In particular, norepinephrine's cumulative actions could have harmful cardiovascular repercussions. The serotonergic action of monoamine oxidase inhibitors may be enhanced by tapentadol. Serotonin syndrome might occur from this.
Tetrabenazine	The negative or hazardous effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors can be increased.
Tetrahydrozoline (Nasal)	Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors may increase Tetrahydrozoline's hypertensive impact (Nasal).
Tianeptine	The negative or hazardous effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors can be increased.
Tiotropium	Tiotropium's anticholinergic action may be strengthened by anticholinergic drugs.
Tricyclic Antidepressants	Tricyclic antidepressants' serotonergic action may be strengthened by monoamine oxidase inhibitors. It might result in serotonin syndrome. Although this interaction between methylene blue and linezolid is anticipated, management guidelines for this drug are different from those for other monoamine oxidase inhibitors. For more information, consult the monographs for those agents.
Tryptophan	The negative or hazardous effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors can be increased.
Umeclidinium	May strengthen an anticholinergic agent's anticholinergic action.
Valbenazine	The negative or hazardous effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors can be increased.

Monitoring parameters:

Blood glucose
Hepatic and renal function
BP
Heart rate
Mental health
Worsening depression
Suicidality and unusual behavior changes (especially when therapy is just starting or doses are changed)

Mechanism of action of Tranylcypromine (Parnate):

Nonhydrazine monoamine-oxidase inhibitor Tranylcypromine can be used as a tranylcypromine.
It increases the endogenous levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine as well as serotonin, by inhibiting the enzyme (monoamineoxidase), which is responsible to the breakdown of these neurotransmitters.

TimeMAO inhibition can persist up to ten more days after discontinuation

AbsorptionRapid

Eliminating half-life- 2.5 hours

Time to peak, serum: 1.5 hours

International Brands of Tranylcypromine:

Jatrosom
Parnate
Parnetil

Tranylcypromine Brand Names in Pakistan:

Tranylcypromine injection 250 mg/ml
Xavene	Wilshire Laboratories (Pvt) Ltd.

Tranylcypromine Capsules 250 mg
Zamic	Cherwel Pharmaceuticals (Pvt) Ltd

Disclaimer Notice:

Emedz.net is not an online pharmacy:

We are not affiliated with any pharmaceutical companies:

Tranylcypromine (Parnate) - MOA, Dosage, Side effects

Tranylcypromine Uses:

Unipolar Major depressive disorder:

Tranylcypromine Dose in Adults

Tranylcypromine Dose in the treatment of the Unipolar major depressive disorder:

Discontinuation of therapy:

Switching to or from an MAO inhibitor intended to treat psychiatric disorders:

Tranylcypromine Dose in Children

Tranylcypromine Pregnancy Risk Category: Not Assigned

Tranylcypromine Dose in Kidney Disease:

Tranylcypromine Dose in Liver disease:

Side effects of Tranylcypromine (Parnate):

Cardiovascular:

Central Nervous System:

Dermatologic:

Endocrine & Metabolic:

Gastrointestinal:

Genitourinary:

Hematologic & Oncologic:

Neuromuscular & Skeletal:

Ophthalmic:

Otic:

Contraindications to Tranylcypromine (Parnate):

Warnings and precautions

Depression in the CNS:

Hypertensive crisis

Hypotension

Intracranial bleeding

Serotonin syndrome

Cardiovascular disease

Diabetes:

Use of drugs:

Hepatic impairment

Hypomania and mania:

Seizure disorder

Thyroid dysfunction

Monitoring parameters:

Mechanism of action of Tranylcypromine (Parnate):

International Brands of Tranylcypromine:

Tranylcypromine Brand Names in Pakistan:

Tranylcypromine injection 250 mg/ml

Tranylcypromine Capsules 250 mg

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